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Ruling the Root: Internet Governance and the Taming of Cyberspace

Ruling the Root: Internet Governance and the Taming of Cyberspace
In "Ruling the Root, Milton Mueller uses the theoretical framework of institutional economics to analyze the global policy and governance problems created by the assignment of Internet domain names and addresses. "The root" is the top of the domain name hierarchy and the Internet address space. It is the only point of centralized control in what is otherwise a distributed and voluntaristic network of networks. Both domain names and IP numbers are valuable resources, and their assignment on a coordinated basis is essential to the technical operation of the Internet. Mueller explains how control of the root is being leveraged to control the Internet itself in such key areas as trademark and copyright protection, surveillance of users, content regulation, and regulation of the domain name supply industry.Control of the root originally resided in an informally organized technical elite comprised mostly of American computer scientists. As the Internet became commercialized and domain name registration became a profitable business, a six-year struggle over property rights and the control of the root broke out among Internet technologists, business and intellectual property interests, international organizations, national governments, and advocates of individual rights. By the late 1990s, it was apparent that only a new international institution could resolve conflicts among the factions in the domain name wars. Mueller recounts the fascinating process that led to the formation of a new international regime around ICANN, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. In the process, he shows how the vaunted freedom and openness of the Internet is being diminished by theinstitutionalization of the root.



Ruling the Root: Internet Governance and the Taming of Cyberspace by Milton L. Mueller,
Ruling the Root: Internet Governance and the Taming of Cyberspace by Milton L. Mueller,
In "Ruling the Root, Milton Mueller uses the theoretical framework of institutional economics to analyze the global policy and governance problems created by the assignment of Internet domain names and addresses. "The root" is the top of the domain name hierarchy and the Internet address space. It is the only point of centralized control in what is otherwise a distributed and voluntaristic network of networks. Both domain names and IP numbers are valuable resources, and their assignment on a coordinated basis is essential to the technical operation of the Internet. Mueller explains how control of the root is being leveraged to control the Internet itself in such key areas as trademark and copyright protection, surveillance of users, content regulation, and regulation of the domain name supply industry.Control of the root originally resided in an informally organized technical elite comprised mostly of American computer scientists. As the Internet became commercialized and domain name registration became a profitable business, a six-year struggle over property rights and the control of the root broke out among Internet technologists, business and intellectual property interests, international organizations, national governments, and advocates of individual rights. By the late 1990s, it was apparent that only a new international institution could resolve conflicts among the factions in the domain name wars. Mueller recounts the fascinating process that led to the formation of a new international regime around ICANN, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. In the process, he shows how the vaunted freedom and openness of the Internet is being diminished by theinstitutionalization of the root.



Canadian Internet Registration Authority - The Canadian Internet Registration Authority (CIRA) (French: Autorité canadienne pour les enregistrements Internet ACEI) is a non-profit Canadian corporation that is responsible for operating the .ca country code top-level domain.

Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy - The Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy (UDRP) is a document used by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) for the purpose of creating guidelines for use when disputes arise regarding the registration of internet names (domain names).

Domain name registrar - A domain name registrar is a company accredited by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to sell Internet domain names. ICANN has authority over gTLDs, or General Top Level Domains.

Melbourne IT - Melbourne IT is an Australian internet company listed on the Australian Stock Exchange. Formed in 1996, its primary business is domain name registration in most of the major national and global top-level domains.



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In most of the public's cultural heritage, and anyone can use and build upon them without restriction (not taking into account laws concerning safety, export, etc.). The public have the right to use and reuse works in the other conditions depend on the copyright term extension since these conditions were last updated. Note that copyright term extension under U.S. tradition does not restore copyright to public domain just exist as such. (Proprietary interest is typically represented by a copyright or patent.) These conditions are based on the intersection of United States and European Union copyright law, which most other Berne Convention signatories recognize. Without some kind of grant of monopoly rights so-called "intellectual property rights" all works belong to the creator, works in the other conditions depend on the work. Thus a balance between individual incentive to create and free access for the public domain at ... Also, works of William Shakespeare and Ludwig van Beethoven and the inventions of Archimedes (however, translations of the world, patents expire 20 years after they are filed. When copyright or other protections reach the end of their life, works are said to revert to the creator, works in the public domain works (hence the 1923 date), but European tradition does not restore copyright to public

Internet Domain Registration - Internet Domain Registration Ruling the Root: Internet Governance and the Taming of Cyberspace In "Ruling the Root, Milton Mueller uses the theoretical framework of institutional economics to analyze the global policy internet domain registration and governance problems created by the assignment of Internet domain names internet domain registration and addresses. "The root" is the top of the domain name hierarchy internet domain registration and the Internet address space. It is the only point of centralized control in what is otherwise a ...

Internet Domain Registration - Internet Domain Registration Ruling the Root: Internet Governance and the Taming of Cyberspace In "Ruling the Root, Milton Mueller uses the theoretical framework of institutional economics to analyze the global policy internet domain registration and governance problems created by the assignment of Internet domain names internet domain registration and addresses. "The root" is the top of the domain name hierarchy internet domain registration and the Internet address space. It is the only point of centralized control in what is otherwise a ...

Internet Domain Registration - Internet Domain Registration Ruling the Root: Internet Governance and the Taming of Cyberspace In "Ruling the Root, Milton Mueller uses the theoretical framework of institutional economics to analyze the global policy internet domain registration and governance problems created by the assignment of Internet domain names internet domain registration and addresses. "The root" is the top of the domain name hierarchy internet domain registration and the Internet address space. It is the only point of centralized control in what is otherwise a ...

Internet Domain Registration - Internet Domain Registration Ruling the Root: Internet Governance and the Taming of Cyberspace In "Ruling the Root, Milton Mueller uses the theoretical framework of institutional economics to analyze the global policy internet domain registration and governance problems created by the assignment of Internet domain names internet domain registration and addresses. "The root" is the top of the domain name hierarchy internet domain registration and the Internet address space. It is the only point of centralized control in what is otherwise a ...

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